I remember looking this up ages ago, so here's an overly-complicated wikipedia answer, for future reference.
"Calculating the offset of a wheel is a fairly easy mathematical equation. First, measure the overall width of the wheel (remember, just because a wheel is 18x7.5, does not mean that the OVERALL width is 7.5". It means that the measurement from outboard flange to the inboard flange is 7.5"). Next, divide that width of the wheel by two; this will give you the centerline of the wheel.
Overall width/2 = Centerline
After determining the centerline, measure from the mounting pad to the edge of the inboard flange (if the wheel were laying flat on the ground – face up – your measurement would be from the ground to the mounting pad). This is your back spacing.
Centerline – Back Spacing = Offset in Inches
Inches x 25.4 = Offset in mm"
